Driver education schemes may be divided among three groups: (a) Basic training. This provides the skill necessary to drive the vehicle, and the information on road rules necessary to obtain a licence to drive. This training is given usually by relatives, by friends or by a commercial driving school. (b) Safety education. This involves educating drivers, either before or after licensing, to drive with consideration for the safety of themselves and other road users. It includes "defensive driving" as taught by the Department of Motor Transport's Traffic Accident Research Unit, aimed at teaching drivers to avoid getting in to hazardous situations. (c) Advanced driving. Usually taught by professional competition drivers, this involves increasing driving skill with the object of driving out of hazardous situations. This paper is not concerned with basic training, but with (b) and (c) above.